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Commercial · Overview

Business insurance for small firms

Commercial insurance isn’t one policy: it’s a set of covers you combine to match what your business does. Some are legal requirements, some are demanded by clients or landlords, and some simply stop one bad day closing the business.

Photo: Blake Wisz on Unsplash

At a glance

Ref. COM-BIZ
Legal must-haves
UK: employers’ liability if you employ staff; motor cover for vehicles. US: workers’ comp in almost every state once you have employees; commercial auto.
Usually needed
Public / general liability if you deal with the public or work on others’ premises.
For advice and services
Professional indemnity (errors and omissions).
For premises and kit
Commercial property, contents, stock, business interruption.
Increasingly common
Cyber insurance, directors’ and officers’ (D&O) liability.
Ways to buy
Direct from insurers, online brokers, or a specialist broker for complex risks.

Which business insurance is compulsory?

The legal position in general terms. Professional bodies, landlords and contracts add their own requirements.

CoverUKUSAEU
Employers’ liability / workers’ compRequiredEmployers’ liability, at least £5 million, if you employ staff (some exemptions).RequiredWorkers’ comp is required in almost every state; Texas lets most private employers opt out.DependsWorkplace accidents are often covered by statutory social insurance schemes, funded by employers.
Public / general liabilityNot requiredNot legally required, but often required by clients, venues and councils.Not requiredNot state law for most firms, but leases and contracts frequently demand it.DependsCompulsory for some professions and activities in some countries.
Professional indemnityDependsRequired by regulators for solicitors, accountants in practice, architects, financial advisers and others.DependsRequired for some licensed professions in some states.DependsRequired for many regulated professions, including insurance intermediaries under EU rules.
Commercial vehiclesRequiredAt least third party for every vehicle on the road.RequiredCommercial auto liability is required for business vehicles.RequiredThird-party motor insurance is compulsory everywhere in the EU.
Commercial propertyLender / contractNot law, but lenders and leases usually require it.Lender / contractLenders and landlords usually require it.Lender / contractUsually a lender or lease condition.

Summary only, as of the date this page was updated. Rules differ by country, state and situation, so check the official source for yours.

How to build the right cover

  1. List what you do: where you work, who visits, what you sell or advise on, what you own, and how you use vehicles.
  2. Tick off legal requirements: staff and vehicles first.
  3. Check contracts: clients, venues, landlords and platforms often specify minimum liability limits (for example £5m or $1m per occurrence).
  4. Insure your assets: premises, equipment, stock and the income they generate.
  5. Think about your biggest “what if”: a data breach, a design error, a fire, a key supplier failing.

Our cover checker walks you through these questions in about two minutes.

Packages vs separate policies

Many insurers sell packages for particular trades (shops, offices, salons, restaurants, tradespeople) that bundle liability, contents, stock and business interruption. In the US the equivalent for small firms is the business owner’s policy (BOP). Packages are convenient, but check each section’s limits and exclusions; separate specialist policies can be better for professional indemnity and cyber.

Disclosure rules for business insurance

In the UK, the Insurance Act 2015 requires businesses to make a fair presentation of the risk: disclose everything you know or ought to know that would influence an insurer, in a clear way. If you don’t, the insurer’s remedy depends on what it would have done had it known, which can mean a reduced claim. Keep records of what you told the insurer and update them when the business changes. See disclosure and misrepresentation.

Brokers or direct?

Simple risks (a sole-trader consultant, a small shop) are easy to buy online. A broker adds value when your business is unusual, larger, or needs several covers coordinated, and can negotiate wordings and help with claims. In the UK, check brokers and insurers on the FCA register; in the US, check the agent’s license with your state insurance department.

Last updated: 15 October 2026

Frequently asked questions

What insurance does a small business legally need?
In the UK, employers’ liability if you have employees, and motor insurance for vehicles. In the US, workers’ compensation in almost every state once you have employees, plus commercial auto for business vehicles. Other covers are usually required by contracts rather than law.
Do sole traders need business insurance?
Not legally for most activities without staff, but public liability and professional indemnity are often required by clients. Your home and car policies may not cover business use.
Is business insurance tax-deductible?
Business insurance premiums are generally an allowable business expense in the UK and deductible as an ordinary business expense in the US. Check with your accountant.

What do you want to insure?